In recent decades, most of researchers in pharmaceutical preparations have focused increasingly on new formulations that control the site and amount of drug delivery.Mucoadhesive dosage forms are available for systemic or local treatment. The mucoadhesive dosage forms are introduced in various forms such as tablets, gels, ointments, patches and POLYMERIC FILMs. For buccal wound and injury the POLYMERIC FILMs may be preferred due to flexibility, comfort, longer residence time, protection of the wound surface and promotion of the wound healing. Most of dentists apply phenytoin sodium suspension as a gargle for promoting healing in dental surgery. In this study, a novel phenytoin sodium mucoadhesive FILM consisting of two layers of POLYMERIC FILM was prepared by solvent casting method. One layer contained various ratios of carbapol 934, NaCMC, HPMC and a constant proportion of PEG 400 as plasticizer. The other layer contained cellulose acetate phethalate which acts as water resistant for unidirectional release. The FILM's mechanical properties such as swelling, in vitro adhesion/drug release and residence time by using human volunteers were measured.among different polymers the HPMC/Na CMC/CP 934 were selected and thirteen formulations (F1-F13) were prepared. The best formulation in physical properties were F1, F6, F8, F9 and F13. F8 had the highest and F1 had the lowest swelling index, and all formulations had high adhesive strength. Formulation F6 had a fast release pattern during the first 30 mins, but F8 had the highest amount of release in 3 hours. F1 had the lowest amount of release during 3 hours. F1 had the longest residence time while F8 and F9 showed the shortest residence time accompanied with detachment. From the current study, one can conclude that the buccoudhesive FILM of F13 containing 60% HPMC, 20% NaCMC and 20% CP had zero order models of drug release and possesses suitable swelling profile, good adhesion strength, appropriate residence time and produced no irritation. Optimum ratio for the mucoadhesive POLYMERIC FILM composed of Carbopol/Na CMC/HPMC, was 20/30/40 (wt/wt/wt) in terms of flexibility, comfort, long residence time, swelling, and bioadhesive force.

A simple and selective carbon paste electrode has been developed for the electrochemical determination of acyclovir (ACV). This electrode was designed by incorporation of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and ZnO nanoparticles into the carbon paste matrix, and then poly (o-aminophenol; OAP) FILM were subsequently electro polymerized on it. The surface structure of nanoparticles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Surface morphology and electrochemical properties of the prepared nanocomposite modified electrode were investigated by SEM and cyclic voltammetry (CV). The calibration graph was linear over the concentration range 0.089 to 7.96 mg mL-1 for ACV determination with a detection limit of 0.067 μg mL-1. The proposed electrode was successfully applied for ACV determination in pharmaceutical formulations with satisfactory results.

Background and the purpose of the study: Mechanical properties of FILMs prepared from aqueous dispersion and organic solutions of Eudragit RL were assessed and the effects of plasticizer type, concentration and curing were examined.Methods: FILMs were prepared from aqueous dispersion and solutions of Eudragit RL (isopropy alcohol-water 9: 1) containing 0, 10 or 20% (based on polymer weight) of PEG 400 or Triethyl Citrate (TEC) as plasticizer using casting method. Samples of FILMs were stored in oven at 60oC for 24 hrs (Cured). The stress-strain curve was obtained for each FILM using material testing machine and tensile strength, elastic modulus, %elongation and work of failure were calculated.Results and major conclusion: The FILMs with no plasticizer showed different mechanical properties depending on the vehicle used. Addition of 10% or 20% of plasticizer decreased the tensile strength and elastic modulus and increased %elongation and work of failure for all FILMs. The effect of PEG 400 on mechanical properties of Eudragit RL FILMs was more pronounced. The differences in mechanical properties of the FILMs due to vehicle decreased with addition of plasticizer and increase in its concentration. Curing process weakened the mechanical properties of the FILMs with no plasticizer and for FILMs with 10% plasticizer no considerable difference in mechanical properties was observed before and after curing. For those with 20% plasticizer only FILMs prepared from aqueous dispersion showed remarkable difference in mechanical properties before and after curing. Results of this study suggest that the mechanical properties of the Eudragit RL FILMs were affected by the vehicle, type of plasticizer and its concentration in the coating liquid.

Me2-dibenzo[b, k]-dipyridyl[f, o][1, 4, 7, 10, 13, 16]-hexaaza-5, 9, 14, 19-tetraoxo-cyclooctadecane macrocyclic complexes of Fe(III) and Ni(II) have been synthesized by template method and analysed with various techniques like molar conductance, FT-IR, UV-Vis, Mass spectra. The studies of surface-modified electrode based on tThe oxidative electropolymerisation of the monomeric Fe[Me2-(DBDPy)N6tetraoxo[18]Cl2]Cl and Ni[Me2-(DBDPy)N6tetraoxo[18]Cl2] complexes were carried out on the Pt electrode in DMSO containing 0. 1 M TEAP, by employing cyclic voltammetry. A thin FILM of polymer, [M-Me2-(DBDPy)N6tetraoxo[18]Cl2]n, where M=Fe(III) and Ni(II), was formed on the electrode surface by constant potential electrolysis at 1. 5 V on cycling from-1. 5 to +2. 0 V vs Ag/AgCl. The monomers, after polymerization form [M-Me2-(DBDPy)N6tetraoxo[18]Cl2]n, where M=Fe(III) and Ni(II), which form a thin FILM on the electrode surface. The FILM formed on the electrode surface by constant potential electrolysis at 1. 5 V on cycling from-1. 5 to +2. 0 V vs Ag/AgCl The magnitude of FILM growth depends on the method of deposition in the solvent and the rate of cycling i. e 10 cycles from-1. 5 to +2. 0 V vs Ag/AgCl at 200 mVs-1 scan rate resulted in “ Polymer layers” formation on Pt electrode. FILM growth was also dependent on the concentration of the electrolyte and the electrode surface and found that the heterogeneous electron transfer rate constant is increased with the growth of the FILM. UV-Visible and FT-IR spectra suggest that the macrocycles remained in the POLYMERIC FILM.